Basement flooding can be a nightmare. Flooding can cause significant damage to your property and personal belongings, create an ideal environment for the growth of mold and mildew, or cause electrical and other safety hazards. Cleaning, repairing, and replacing damaged items is time-consuming and emotionally stressful.
A sump pump plays an important role in protecting your basement from flooding. In this post, we’re going to go over some sump pump basics.
What is a Sump Pump?
A sump pump is a mechanical device designed to remove excess water that accumulates in a sump basin or sump pit, typically located in the lowest part of a basement or crawlspace. Its primary role is to prevent basement flooding by collecting and pumping excess water away from the home’s foundation. When water levels in the pit reach a certain point, the sump pump turns on automatically. Sump pumps play a vital role in keeping basements dry and protecting against water damage.
There are two main types of sump pumps:
- Submersible Sump Pumps: These pumps are installed inside the sump basin and are designed to be submerged in water. They have a sealed, waterproof motor that allows them to operate underwater without short-circuiting. Submersible sump pumps are usually quieter and have a longer lifespan than pedestal pumps.
- Pedestal Sump Pumps: These pumps have a motor that is mounted above the sump pit, keeping it out of water, while the pump is placed inside the pit. Pedestal sump pumps are usually louder and more visible but tend to be less expensive and more accessible for maintenance than submersible sump pumps.
What causes Basement Flooding?
Basements can flood for a number of reasons, including:
- Heavy precipitation
- Inadequate drainage around the home (such as clogged gutters or improperly graded landscapes)
- Melting snow
- Sewer backups
- Foundation cracks
- Burst pipes or other plumbing leaks
- Hot water tank failure
- Sump pump failure
How does a Sump Pump protect your Basement from Flooding?
A sump pump actively manages and redirects water that accumulates in the lowest part of the basement.
Here’s a step-by-step guide to how a sump pump works to protect from flooding:
- Collection of Water – A sump basin is installed in the lowest point of the basement. Any water that seeps into the basement through the ground, walls, or foundation will naturally collect in the sump basin.
- Activation of the Pump – When the water level in the sump basin rises, a float switch or pressure switch is triggered when it reaches a predetermined level. This switch activates the sump pump.
- Water Removal – Once activated, the sump pump begins to pump water out of the sump basin. It uses an impeller to draw water into the pump and push it out through a discharge pipe.
- Discharge of Water – The discharge pipe carries the water away from your home’s foundation and releases it at a safe distance, preventing the water from seeping back into the basement.
- Deactivation of the Pump – When the water level in the sump basin drops, the float switch or pressure switch deactivates the pump.
What kind of maintenance does a Sump Pump require?
To keep your sump pump working properly and extend its lifespan, regular maintenance is required.
Here are some steps you can take to keep your sump pump in good working condition:
- Regular Inspection – Visually examine your sump pump for any signs of damage, corrosion, or wear and tear. Make sure the pump is securely positioned in the sump basin and that the pump is connected to power with all electrical connections in good condition.
- Regular Testing – Pour water into the sump basin to ensure the switch activates the pump. Observe the sump pump’s operation and make sure it is discharging water efficiently. Listen for unusual noises, like grinding or squealing which could indicate an issue with the pump’s motor or impeller. Repeat this test every few months.
- Cleaning – Before cleaning your sump pump, disconnect it from the power supply. Remove any debris, dirt, gravel, or sediment buildup from the sump basin to prevent clogging. Remove the pump and check for rust or corrosion. If necessary, clean and rinse the pump. When finished, reconnect the pump.
- Examine the Float Switch – Make sure the float switch is free to move and goes through its full range of motion. If the switch is obstructed by debris or the pump’s power cord, your sump pump may fail to turn on at the right time. You may need to adjust its position.
- Examine the Discharge Pipe – Inspect the pipe for signs of blockage, leaks, or damage.
- Schedule Annual Maintenance – Consider having a professional plumber perform annual preventative maintenance on your sump pump system.
A sump pump is your first defense against basement flooding, protecting your home’s foundation, structural integrity, and your personal belongings. For expert sump pump installation and maintenance in Calgary, contact us today at Mr. Trenchless.
